Which of the following factors can increase the risk of complications during ACS?

Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor that can increase the likelihood of complications during Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Individuals with diabetes often have comorbidities such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, which exacerbate cardiovascular problems. The presence of diabetes can lead to increased atherosclerosis, compromised endothelial function, and fluctuations in blood glucose levels that can worsen myocardial ischemia. Furthermore, people with diabetes might not experience classic anginal symptoms, which can delay diagnosis and treatment, leading to more severe outcomes.

In contrast, regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep are all associated with cardiovascular health and may actually reduce the risk of complications during ACS. Engaging in regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, lowers blood pressure, and decreases stress levels, all of which can enhance heart health. Similarly, adhering to a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats supports overall cardiovascular function. Adequate sleep is crucial for various bodily processes, including healing and stress management, further contributing to a healthier cardiovascular system.